Because of the very high standards now expected from plants manufacturing live biological products, over £8 million has been spent in recent years on ensuring our plants meet all of the highest standards and produce vaccines that meet or exceed all current regulations in terms of safety, quality and efficacy. Schering-Plough Animal Health currently employs about 60 people in these manufacturing plants, including scie ntists, veterinarians and technicians. Our senior management team has a combined expertise of over 40 years for Paracox production. They have overseen the production of over 1.5 billion doses of Paracox vaccines from 1995-2003 and production continues to grow each year. From these plants, Paracox vaccines are sent literally all over the world. Demand comes from 42 countries in four continents where Paracox products are now registered. Coccivac®-B Coccidosis vaccine -- Eimeria acervulina, E. mivati, E. maxima, E. tenella -- Live Oocysts, Chicken Isolates Controlled dose stimulates immune response Approved for administration via spray cabinet or eye spray at one day of age May be administered orally on the feed to chickens one to three days of age Vaccine oocysts are highly sensi-tive to anticoccidial drugs Early vaccination stimulates immunity without adverse impact on flock performance Rigorous Quality Control assures that Coccivac-B is free of contaminants such as Salmonella spp. For vaccination of healthy chickens at one day Coccivac®-D Coccidiosis vaccine -- live oocysts For vaccination of healthy breeders and layers as an aid in preventing coccidiosis Paracox®-5 Coccidiosis vaccine -- live oocysts Marketplace Advantages: Gives producers flexibility to offer "drug free" birds Differentiates birds from standard "feed-additive" broiler Improves consumer friendly image of poultrymeat Allows premium pricing to "green" markets Eliminates residue concerns for consumers Therapeutic Superiority Protects against all Eimeria spp. important to broilers Birds remain protected for entire broiler cycle after a single administration Reduces risk of late outbreaks Eliminates undesirable side effects of coccidiostats Eliminates risk of toxicity in non-target species Attenuated strains remain apathogenic and sensitive after successive recycling on broiler farm Improves protection of birds on cereal supplementation programs No need for complicated drug rotation programs Production Efficiencies Removal of coccidiostat allows for greater nutrient density in feed Elimination of anti-coccidial rations results in fewer ration types necessary at feed mill Reduces time spent flushing feed mill lines to clear coccidiostat residues Reduces space requirements for coccidiostat storage No withdrawal period means greater flexibility in planning and inventory of grower and finisher rations Elimination of residue and regulatory worries associated with use of coccidiostats For the active immunization of chickens to reduce infection and clinical signs caused by E. acervulina, E. maxima, E. mitis, and E. tenella. Coccivac®-T Coccidiosis vaccine -- live oocysts For vaccination of healthy turkeys as an aid in preventing coccidiosis |
n chickens, coccidiosis is a protozoan disease caused by various species of the genus Eimen'a. The life cycle of the parasite is complex, involves both sexual and asexual reproductive phases, and is characterised by tremendous parasite multiplication in the cells lining the intestines . 
If sufficient warmth, moisture, and oxygen are present in the litter, the oocysts will sporulate and become infective within two days. Each sporulated oocyst holds four sporocysts, each containing two sporozoites, which is characteristc of the genus Eirneria. 
As with many other poultry diseases, birds may huddle, have ruffled feathers, show signs of anorexia and exhibit general discomfort. Evidence of diarrhoea (bloody and/or mucoid) may be seen on the birds' vents or in the litter. Clinical signs and lesions are usually seen from the fourth or fifth day post-infection. While coccidiosis can appear at almost any age, the most severe outbreaks in chickens often occur between three to twelve weeks of age. 
so quite distinctive. The lesions of Eimeria mitis are invisible to the naked eye and must be confirmed microscopically. 
variety of drug programmes is used to maintain acceptable levels of efficacy. Increases in development and registration costs have dramatically reduced the anticoccidial drug arsenal and almost eliminated the prospects for new products. 
sporulation. Birds raised on slats or other off-floor systems (for example, caged layers) will have a somewhat reduced challenge to coccidiosis. The disadvantage of this type of system is that long-term immunity to coccidiosis is less likely to be developed without exposure to faeces and litter. 
